HALEU EIS References

U.S. Department of Energy Activities in Support of Commercial Production of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium

In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) published a Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), which analyzes the potential impacts of DOE’s Proposed Action to acquire high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) for commercial nuclear energy use and demonstration projects, and to establish domestic commercial HALEU production.

The references used to prepare the Final EIS are available for review on this website. The documents are in PDF format. This file format requires Adobe PDF Reader to open and view the PDF documents—Adobe PDF Reader can be downloaded for free. After navigating to your interested references, click the “Download” button to open and/or download the reference document.

To read the Final EIS or review recordings of past public involvement opportunities, please navigate back to the project website: https://www.energy.gov/ne/haleu-environmental-impact-statement.

Summary

The Summary’s repository of cited references were last updated on 10/08/2024.

CDC. (2021). Deaths: Final Data for 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistic, National Vital Statistics System. National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 70, No. 8. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr70/nvsr70-08-508.pdf. July 26. (2021)

Centrus Energy Corp. (2023). Centrus Completes Construction and Initial Testing of Haleu Demonstration Cascade, Expects to Begin Production by End of 2023. Retrieved from https://www.centrusenergy.com/news/centrus-completes-construction-and-initial-testing-of-haleu-demonstration-cascade-expects-to-begin-production-by-end-of-2023/. February 9. (2023b)

Centrus Energy Corp. (2023). Centrus Makes First HALEU Delivery to U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved December 28, 2023, from https://www.centrusenergy.com/news/centrus-makes-first-haleu-delivery-to-u-s-department-of-energy/. November 7. (2023a)

DOE-ID. (2019). Environmental Assessment for Use of DOE-Owned High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium Stored at Idaho National Laboratory. U.S. Department of Energy, Idaho Operations Office. DOE/EA-2087. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2019/01/f58/EA-2087-HALEU-2019-01.pdf. (2019)

DOE. (2020). Restoring America's Competitive Nuclear Advantage: A strategy to assure U.S. national security. U.S. Department of Energy. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2020/04/f74/Restoring%20America%27s%20Competitive%20Nuclear%20Advantage_1.pdf. (2020b)

DOE. (2020). What is High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU)? Retrieved July 1, 2022, from U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy: https://www.energy.gov/ne/articles/what-high-assay-low-enriched-uranium-haleu. April 7. (2020a)

DOE. (2021). Spent Nuclear Fuel and Reprocessing Waste Inventory: Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition. Prepared for U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy. (2021)

DOE. (2022). Final Versatile Test Reactor Environmental Impact Statement. U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy. DOE/EIS-0542. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov/nepa/articles/doeeis-0542-final-environmental-impact-statement. (2022)

DOE. (2023). Draft Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000031 – Purchase of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) – Enrichment. U.S. Department of Energy. June 5. (2023a)

DOE. (2023). Draft Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000033 – Purchase of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) – Deconversion Services. U.S. Department of Energy. June 5. (2023b)

DOE. (2023). Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000033 - High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) Deconversion Acquisition – IDIQ RFP. U.S. Department of Energy. November 28. (2023c)

DOE. (2024). Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000031, High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) Enrichment Acquisition – Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (ID/IQ) Request for Proposals. U.S. Department of Energy. January 9, 2024. (2024)

DOE. (n.d.). HALEU Availability Program webpages Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved August 28, 2024, from U.S. Department of Energy: https://www.energy.gov/ne/haleu-availability-program. Undated (n.d.)

EIA. (2020). U.S. uranium production fell to an all-time annual low in 2019. Retrieved from U.S. Energy Information Administration Today in Energy: https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=44416. July 17 (2020)

INL. (2021). Estimated HALEU Requirements for Advanced Reactors to Support a Net-Zero Emissions Economy by 2050. Idaho National Laboratory. INL/EXT-21-64913. (2021)

International Energy Agency. (2021). Net Zero by 2050 A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. Retrieved from https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/deebef5d-0c34-4539-9d0c-10b13d840027/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf. (2021)

IPCC. (2023). Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/ (2023)

IWG. (2021). Technical Support Document: Social Cost of Carbon, Methane, and Nitrous Oxide Interim Estimates Under Executive Order 13990. Washington, D.C.: Interagency Working Group. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/TechnicalSupportDocument_SocialCostofCarbonMethaneNitrousOxide.pdf. February. (2021)

Leidos. (2023). Technical Report in Support of the Environmental Impact Statement for DOE Activities in Support of Commercialization of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Production. Prepared by Leidos for U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Operations. (2023)

McDowell, B. K., & Goodman, D. (2021). Advanced Nuclear Reactor Plant Parameter Envelope and Guidance. National Reactor Innovation Center. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. February 18. (2021)

NEI. (2020). Updated Need for High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium. Letter from Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) President/CEO Maria Korsnick to the Dan Brouillette, Secretary of Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, dated July 23. (2020)

NEI. (2021). Updated Need for High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium. Washington DC: Letter from NEI president Maria Korsnick to The Honorable Jennifer Granholm, Secretary of Energy. December 20. (2021)

NEI. (2022). White Paper, Establishing a High Assay Low Enriched Uranium Infrastructure for Advanced Reactors. Nuclear Energy Institute, January. doi:https://www.nei.org/CorporateSite/media/filefolder/resources/reports-and-briefs/NEI-White-Paper-Establishing-a-High-Assay-Low-Enriched-Uranium-Infrastructure-for-Advanced-Reactors-Jan-2022.pdf. (2022)

NRC. (2009). Generic Environmental Impact Statement for In-Situ Leach Uranium Milling Facilities, NUREG-1910. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs and the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality Land Quality Division. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/staff/sr1910/index.html. (2009)

NRC. (2011). Fact Sheet on Uranium Recovery. Retrieved from U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission: https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/fs-uranium-recovery.html. September. (2011)

NRC. (2019). Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Renewal of Source Material License SUB–526 Metropolis Works Uranium Conversion Facility (Massac County, Illinois). Honeywell International, Docket No. 040-03392. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1927/ML19273A012.pdf. (2019)

NRC. (2021). Draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement for Advanced Nuclear Reactors (ANRs), NUREG-2249. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2122/ML21222A055.pdf. (2021b)

NRC. (2021). Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Amendment of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission License Number SNM-2011 for the American Centrifuge in Piketon, Ohio. Washington DC: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. (2021a)

Nuclear Energy Agency and International Atomic Energy Agency. (2023). Uranium 2022 Resources, Production and Demand. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2023)

Regalbuto, M. C. (2020). High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium Demand and Deployment Options: HALEU Workshop Report June 2020. M.C. Regalbuto, Director, Nuclear Fuel Cycle Strategy, U.S. Department of Energy, INL/EXT-21-61768, Revision 3a. (2020)

Regalbuto, M. C. (2022). Integrated Fuel Cycle Solutions HALEU Update. Monica Regalbuto, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, May 24. (2022)

Schlömer et al. (2014). Schlömer, S., Bruckner, T., Fulton, L., Hertwich, E., McKinnon, A., Perczyk, D., ... & Wiser, R. Annex III: Technology-specific cost and performance parameters. In Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 1329-1356). Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. Edenhofer, O., R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, A. Adler, I. Baum, S. Brunner, P. Eickemeier, B. Kriemann, J. Savolainen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow, T. Zwickel and J.C. Minx (eds.). (2014)

USEC. (2004). Environmental Report for the American Centrifuge Plant in Piketon, Ohio. Bethesda, MD: United States Enrichment Corporation. (2004)

USGCRP. (2018). Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Vol. II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Global Change Research Program. Retrieved from https://nca2018.globalchange.gov/. (2018)

USGCRP. (2023). Fifth National Climate Assessment. U.S. Global Change Research Program. Retrieved from https://nca2023.globalchange.gov/. Observed trends and future predictions of climate change are found in Chapter 2. (2023)

Volume 1 (Main Body)

The Volume 1 (Main Body) repository of cited references were last updated on 10/08/2024.

ATSDR. (2023). Health Consultation Evaluation of Radionuclides in Air and Water Near the White Mesa Uranium Mill White Mesa, White Mesa, San Juan County Utah, EPA facility registry ID:110000879425. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Office of Community Health and Hazard Assessment, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/WhiteMesa/White-Mesa-508.pdf. (2023)

CEQ. (2023). National Environmental Policy Act Guidance on Consideration of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change (issued Jan. 9, 2023). Council on Environmental Quality. Retrieved from https://ceq.doe.gov/guidance/ceq_guidance_nepa-ghg.html. (2023)

DOE. (2003). Estimating Radiation Risk from Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE), ISCORS Technical Report No. 1. U.S. Department of Energy. (2003)

DOE. (2004). Final Environmental Impact Statement for Construction and Operation of a Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride Conversion Facility at the Paducah, Kentucky, Site. DOE/EIS-0359. U.S. Department of Energy. June. (2004c)

DOE. (2004). Final Environmental Impact Statement for Construction and Operation of a Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride Conversion Facility at the Portsmouth, Ohio, Site. DOE/EIS-0360. U.S. Department of Energy. June. (2004b)

DOE. (2004). Recommendations for the Preparation of Environmental Assessments and Environmental Impact Statements. U.S. Department of Energy Environment, Safety and Health, Office of NEPA Policy and Compliance. Second Edition. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov/nepa/articles/recommendations-preparation-environmental-assessments-and-environmental-impact. (2004a)

DOE. (2014). Final Uranium Leasing Program Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (DOE/EIS-0472). U.S. Department of Energy. March. Retrieved from https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2015/01/f19/EIS-0472-FPEIS-Vol_1-2014.pdf. (2014)

DOE. (2020). DOE O 458.1 Chg 4 (LtdChg), Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment, September 15, 2020. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Energy. (2020c)

DOE. (2021). Spent Nuclear Fuel and Reprocessing Waste Inventory: Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition. Prepared for U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy. (2021)

DOE. (2023). Draft Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000031 – Purchase of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) – Enrichment. U.S. Department of Energy. June 5. (2023b)

DOE. (2023). Draft Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000033 – Purchase of High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) – Deconversion Services. U.S. Department of Energy. June 5. (2023c)

DOE. (2023). Solicitation No. 89243223RNE000033 - High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium (HALEU) Deconversion Acquisition – IDIQ RFP. U.S. Department of Energy. November 28. (2023)

Ebbinghaus et al. (2013). Ebbinghaus, B. B.; Bathke, C. G.; Dalton, D. S.; Murphy, J. P. The Application of Material Attractiveness in a Graded Approach to Nuclear Materials Security. Livermore, CA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. LLNL-CONF-640708. Retrieved from https://www.osti. gov/biblio/1097225. (2013)

EIA. (2022). Nuclear explained – The nuclear fuel cycle. Retrieved from U.S. Energy Information Administration: https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/nuclear/the-nuclear-fuel-cycle.php. July 12. (2022)

EPA. (2023). eGRID 2021 Data. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/egrid/download-data. (2023b)

EPA. (2023). Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2021. Table ES-1, p. E-3. EPA 430-R-23-002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks-1990-2021. (2023a)

EPA. (2023c). Supplementary Material for the Regulatory Impact Analysis for the Final Rulemaking, “Standards of Performance for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources and Emissions Guidelines for Existing Sources: Oil and Natural Gas Sector Climate Review”. EPA Report on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases: Estimates Incorporating Recent Scientific Advances. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-12/epa_scghg_2023_report_final.pdf. (2023c)

Fletcher, D. (2020). HALEU Webinar. URENCO Next Generation Fuels Conversion and Enrichment Options. April 28. (2020)

GNF-A. (2021). Letter to NRC Director, Division of Fuel Management re: Natrium HALEU Fuel Fabrication Pre-Application Discussions. Global Nuclear Fuel - Americas. October 19 letter from Scott P. Murray, Manager, Facility Licensing. (2021)

Herczeg, J. W. (2019). High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium (HALEU). Nuclear Energy Advisory Committee Meeting, March 28, 2019. Office of Nuclear Energy, U.S. Department of Energy. (2019)

IAEA. (2011). Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Revision 5). (2011)

IAEA. (2022). IAEA Safeguards Glossary. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/PUB2003_web.pdf. (2022)

INL. (2019). UO2 HALEU Transportation Package Evaluation and Recommendations. Page 15. INL/EXT-19-56333 Rev 0. Idaho Falls, ID: Idaho National Laboratory. (2019)

INL. (2021). Estimated HALEU Requirements for Advanced Reactors to Support a Net-Zero Emissions Economy by 2050. Idaho National Laboratory. INL/EXT-21-64913. (2021)

International Energy Agency. (2021). Net Zero by 2050 A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/deebef5d-0c34-4539-9d0c-10b13d840027/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf. (2021)

IPCC. (2023). Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/ (2023)

Kemp et al. (2024). Kemp, R. S., Lyman, E. S., Deinert, M. R., Garwin, R. L., & von Hippel, F. N. The weapons potential of high-assay low-enriched uranium. Science, 384(6700), 1071-1073. (2024)

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (2018). Uranium Mining and Milling. Livermore, Ca. (2018)

Lyman, E. (2018). Advanced Reactors: Proliferation and Terrorism Concerns. Washington, D.C.: Union of Concerned Scientists. Retrieved from https://physicsandsocietyforum.wordpress.com/2018/10/10/advanced-reactors-proliferation-and-terrorism-concerns/. October 19. (2018)

Lyman, E. (2021). "Advanced" Isn't Always Better: Assessing the Safety, Security, and Environmental Impacts of Non-Light-Water Nuclear Reactors. Union of Concerned Scientists. (2021)

NAS. (2023). Merits and Viability of Different Nuclear Fuel Cycles and Technology Options and the Waste Aspects of Advanced Nuclear Reactors. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2023)

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. (1993). Risk Estimates for Radiation Protection, NCRP Report No. 115, December 31. Bethesda, Maryland. (1993)

NEI. (2021). Updated Need for High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium. Washington DC: Letter from NEI president Maria Korsnick to The Honorable Jennifer Granholm, Secretary of Energy. December 20. (2021)

NRC. (1980). Final Generic Environmental Impact Statement on Uranium Milling Project M-25, NUREG-0706. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0327/ML032751663.pdf. (1980)

NRC. (2009). Environmental Assessment for the Renewal of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission License No. SNM–1227 for AREVA NP, INC. Richland Fuel Fabrication Facility. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs, Division of Waste Management and Environmental Protection. Docket No. 70-1257. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0907/ML090700258.pdf. (2009b)

NRC. (2010). Environmental Impact Statement for the Moore Ranch ISR Project in Campbell County, Wyoming: Supplement to the Generic Environmental Impact Statement for In-Situ Leach Uranium Milling Facilities — Final Report, NUREG-1910, Supplement 1. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1022/ML102290470.pdf. (2010)

NRC. (2011). Fact Sheet on Uranium Recovery. Retrieved from U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission: https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/fs-uranium-recovery.html. September. (2011)

NRC. (2012). Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Fluorine Extraction Process and Depleted Uranium Deconversion Plant in Lea County, New Mexico – Final Report, NUREG-2113. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/staff/sr2113/index.htm. (2012b)

NRC. (2012). Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed GE-Hitachi Global Laser Enrichment, LLC Facility in Wilmington, North Carolina, NUREG-1938. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Federal and State Materials and Environmental Management Programs. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1204/ML12047A040.pdf. (2012a)

NRC. (2014). Generic Environmental Impact Statement for Continued Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel, NUREG-2157. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/staff/sr2157/v1/index.html. (2014)

Note: This reference contains multiple documents.

NRC. (2020). Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Holtec International’s License Application for a Consolidated Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Waste, NUREG-2237. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2006/ML20069G420.pdf. (2020)

NRC. (2021). Certificate of Compliance, for ES-3100. Docket No. 71-9315, USA/9315/B(U)F-96, Rev 16. January 5. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Retrieved from https://rampac.energy.gov/docs/default-source/certificates/1019315.pdf. (2021b)

NRC. (2021). Environmental Impact Statement for Interim Storage Partners LLC’s License Application for a Consolidated Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel in Andrews County, Texas, NUREG-2239. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2120/ML21209A955.pdf. (2021d)

NRC. (2021). Preparedness for High Assay Low Enriched Uranium Availability. A Report to the Senate Committee on Appropriations and the House Committee on Appropriations. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. ML21323A151. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML2132/ML21323A151.pdf. (2021a)

NRC. (2022). Centrus Energy Corp. (formerly USEC Inc.) Gas Centrifuge Enrichment Facility Licensing. Retrieved from Nuclear Regulatory Commission: https://www.nrc.gov/materials/fuel-cycle-fac/usecfacility.html. (2022a)

NRC. (2022). Environmental Impact Statement for the Holtec International’s License Application for a Consolidated Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel in Lea County, New Mexico, NUREG-2237. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. July. (2022b)

NRC. (2023). Fuel Cycle: Physical Security Requirements for Facilities with Category II Quantities of Special Nuclear Material Informational Sheet. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Retrieved from https://www.nrc.gov/reactors/new-reactors/advanced/rulemaking-and-guidance/fuel-cycle.html. (2023c)

NRC. (2023). NRC HALEU Information Page. Retrieved from U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission: https://www.nrc.gov/materials/new-fuels/haleu.html. (2023b)

NRC. (2023). Uranium Recovery. Retrieved from U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission: https://www.nrc.gov/materials/uranium-recovery.htm. (2023a)

Nuclear Energy Agency and International Atomic Energy Agency. (2023). Uranium 2022 Resources, Production and Demand. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. (2023)

Regalbuto, M. C. (2022). Integrated Fuel Cycle Solutions HALEU Update. Monica Regalbuto, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, May 24. (2022)

SCO. (2022). Final Construction and Demonstration of a Prototype Mobile Microreactor Environmental Impact Statement. Strategic Capabilities Office, U.S. Department of Defense. (2022)

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Urenco. (2023).Urenco’s first capacity expansion to be at its US site. Retrieved June 10, 2024, from: https://www.urenco.com/news/global/2023/urencos-first-capacity-expansion-to-be-at-its-us-site. July 6. (2023)

USCB. (2023). Cibola County, New Mexico, Census Bureau Profile - Race and Ethnicity. Retrieved December 29, 2023, from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/profile/Cibola_County,_New_Mexico?g=050XX00US35006#race-and-ethnicity. (2023b)

USCB. (2023). Cibola County, New Mexico, Census Bureau Profile - income and poverty. Retrieved December 29, 2023, from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/profile/Cibola_County,_New_Mexico?g=050XX00US35006#income-and-poverty. (2023e)

USCB. (2023). McKinley County, New Mexico, Census Bureau Profile - income and poverty. Retrieved December 29, 2023, from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/profile/McKinley_County,_New_Mexico?g=050XX00US35031#income-and-poverty. (2023c)

USCB. (2023). McKinley County, New Mexico, Census Bureau Profile - Race and Ethnicity. Retrieved December 29, 2023, from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/profile/McKinley_County,_New_Mexico?g=050XX00US35031#race-and-ethnicity. (2023a)

USCB. (2023). New Mexico Census Bureau Profile - income and poverty. Retrieved December 29, 2023, from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/profile/New_Mexico?g=040XX00US35#income-and-poverty. (2023d)

USDA. (2013). Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Roca Honda Mine Sections 9, 10 and 16, Township 13 North, Range 8 West, New Mexico Principal Meridian, Cibola National Forest, McKinley and Cibola Counties, New Mexico. U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service Southwestern Region. MB-R3-03-25. (2013)

USEC. (2004). Environmental Report for the American Centrifuge Plant in Piketon, Ohio. Bethesda, MD: United States Enrichment Corporation. (2004a)

USEC. (2004). License Application for the American Centrifuge Plant ML043620251. Bethesda, MD: United States Enrichment Corporation. (2004b)

UUSA. (2023). Letter to NRC: Notice of Intent for UUSA to submit License Amendment Requests to Increase Enrichment Limit for construction of a High Assay Low Enriched Uranium Facility (HALEUF). July 23. (2023b)

UUSA. (2023). UUSA Letter to NRC: License Amendment Requests to Increase Enrichment Limit to Less Than 10 Weight Percent for LEU+ Production Systems (LAR-23-02). November. (2023a)

White House. (2023). FACT SHEET: President Biden Signs National Security Memorandum to Counter Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism and Advance Nuclear and Radioactive Material Security. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/03/02/fact-sheet-president-biden-signs-national-security-memorandum-to-counter-weapons-of-mass-destruction-terrorism-and-advance-nuclear-and-radioactive-material-security/. (2023)

X-energy. (2022). TRISO-X Submits First Ever High-Assay Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Fabrication Facility License Application to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. News Release, April 6. (2022)

Volume 2 (Appendix A)

The Volume 2 (Appendix A) repository of cited references were last updated on 10/08/2024.

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ATSDR. (2023). Health Consultation Evaluation of Radionuclides in Air and Water Near the White Mesa Uranium Mill White Mesa, White Mesa, San Juan County Utah, EPA facility registry ID:110000879425. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Office of Community Health and Hazard Assessment, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/WhiteMesa/White-Mesa-508.pdf. (2023)

ATSDR. (2024). Health Consultation Evaluation of Environmental Radiological Sampling Data Collected from 2016 to 2022 Near the Portsmouth Site (Formally known as Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant) Piketon, Pike County, Ohio. Atlanta, GA: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Office of Community Health Hazard Assessment. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/pha/PortsmouthOhio/portsmouth-DOE-HC-508.pdf. (2024)

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Volume 2 (Appendix B)

The Volume 2 (Appendix B) repository of cited references were last updated on 10/08/2024.

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Volume 3 (Comment Response Document)

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